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:
For the United States holiday, the Fourth of July, see Independence Day (United States). is the 185th day of the year (186th in
leap years) in the
Gregorian Calendar, with 180 days remaining.
Events
*
836 -
Pactum Sicardi, peace between the
Principality of Benevento and the
Duchy of Naples*
993 - Saint
Ulrich of Augsburg canonized.
*
1054 - A
supernova is observed by the
Chinese, the
Arabs and possibly
Amerindians near the
star ζ
Tauri. For several months it remains bright enough to be seen during the day. Its remnants form the
Crab Nebula.
*
1120 -
Jordan II of Capua anointed as prince after his infant nephew's death
*
1187 -
The Crusades:
Battle of Hattin -
Saladin defeats
Guy of Lusignan,
King of Jerusalem.
*
1253 -
Battle of West-Capelle:
John I of Avesnes defeats
Guy of Dampierre*
1636 - City of
Providence,
Rhode Island forms.
*
1712 - 11 slaves are executed in New York for starting an uprising that killed 9 whites
*
1774 -
Orangetown Resolutions adopted in
Tappan, New York in
Rockland County.
*
1776 -
American Revolutionary War: The
Continental Congress approves a
Declaration of Independence from the
Kingdom of Great Britain.
*
1802 - At
West Point,
New York the
United States Military Academy opens.
*
1803 - The
Louisiana Purchase is announced to the American people.
*
1810 - The
French occupy
Amsterdam.
*
1817 - At
Rome, New York,
United States, construction on the
Erie Canal begins.
*
1827 -
Slavery is abolished in
New York State.
*
1837 -
Grand Junction Railway, world's first long-distance
railway, opens between
Birmingham and
Liverpool.
*
1838 - The
Iowa Territory is organized.
*
1840 - The
Cunard Line's 700 ton wooden
paddle steamer RMS Britannia departs from
Liverpool bound for
Halifax, Nova Scotia on the first
transatlantic crossing with a scheduled end.
*
1845 - Near
Concord, Massachusetts,
Henry David Thoreau embarks on a two-year experiment in simple living at
Walden Pond (see
Walden).
*
1855 - In
Brooklyn, New York, the first edition of
Walt Whitman's book of
poems titled
Leaves of Grass is published.
*
1859 -
Austro-Sardinian War: The
Battle of Magenta.
*
1862 -
Lewis Carroll tells
Alice Liddell a story that would grow into
Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and its sequels.
*
1863 -
American Civil War:
Battle of Vicksburg -
Vicksburg, Mississippi surrenders to
Ulysses S. Grant after 47 days of siege. 150 miles up the Mississippi River, a Confederate Army is repulsed at the
Battle of Helena, Arkansas.
*
1865 -
Alice's Adventures in Wonderland is published.
*
1881 - In
Alabama, the
Tuskegee Institute opens.
*
1886 - First scheduled Canadian transcontinental train arrives in
Port Moody,
British Columbia.
*
1887 - Founder of
Pakistan,
Qauid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah joined
Sindh-Madrasa-tul-Islam,
Karachi.
*
1892 -
Western Samoa changes the
International Date Line, so that year there were 367 days in this country, with two occurrences of Monday, July 4.
*
1894 - The short-lived
Republic of Hawaii is proclaimed by
Sanford B. Dole.
*
1910 -
African-American boxer
Jack Johnson knocks out white boxer
Jim Jeffries in a heavyweight
boxing match sparking
race riots across the
United States.
*
1918 -
Ottoman sultan Mehmed VI ascends to the throne.
* 1918 -
Bolsheviks kill Tsar
Nicholas II of Russia and his family (
Julian calendar date).
*
1927 - First flight of the
Lockheed Vega.
*
1934 -
Joe Louis wins his first professional
boxing match.
*1934 -
Leo Szilard patents the chain-reaction design for the
atomic bomb.
*
1939 -
Lou Gehrig, recently diagnosed with
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, tells a crowd at
Yankee Stadium that he considered himself "The luckiest man on the face of the earth" as he announces his retirement from major league
baseball.
*
1941 -
Mass murder of Polish scientists and writers, committed by
Nazi Germans in captured
Polish city of
Lwów.
*
1946 - After 381 years of colonial rule, the
Philippines is granted full independence by the
United States.
*
1947 - "Indian Independence Bill" is presented before
British House of Commons, suggesting bifurcation of
British India into two sovereign coutries -
India and
Pakistan.
*
1950 - First broadcast by
Radio Free Europe.
*
1954 -
"The miracle of Bern", Germany wins the
FIFA World Cup in Switzerland against Hungary.
*
1959 - With the admission of
Alaska as the 49th
U.S. state earlier in the year, the 49-star
flag of the United States debuts in
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
*
1960 - Due to the post-Independence Day admission of
Hawaii as the 50th
U.S. state on
August 21, 1959, the 50-star
flag of the United States debuts in
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania almost ten and a half months later (see Flag Act).
*
1966 -
President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the
Freedom of Information Act into
United States law. The act goes into effect the next year.
*
1970 - Popular syndicated radio show, "
American Top 40", hosted by "
Casey Kasem, debuts.
*
1976 -
Israeli commandos raid
Entebbe airport in
Uganda, rescuing all of the passengers and crew of an
Air France jetliner seized by Palestinian terrorists.
*1976 - The
United States celebrates its
bicentennial.
*
1982 - Four
Iranian diplomats kidnapped by Lebanese militia in
Lebanon.
*
1987 - In
France, former
Gestapo chief
Klaus Barbie (aka the "Butcher of Lyon") is convicted of
crimes against humanity and is sentenced to life imprisonment.
*
1992 -
USS George Washington (CVN-73), a
Nimitz Class aircraft carrier of the
United States Navy is commissioned at
Norfolk, Virginia.
*
1997 -
NASA's
Pathfinder space probe lands on the surface of
Mars.
*
1999 - David Beckham marries Victoria Adams in Ireland
*
2004 - The cornerstone of the
Freedom Tower is laid on the site of the
World Trade Center in
New York City. (This was largely a symbolic event; actual construction would not start for several weeks)
*
2005 - The
Deep Impact collider hits the
comet Tempel 1.
*
2006 -
Space Shuttle program:
STS-121 Mission -
Space Shuttle Discovery launches at 18:37:55 UTC . The first
Independence Day shuttle launch.
*2006 -
North Korea tests four short-range missiles one medium-range missile, and a long-range
Taepodong-2. The latter reportedly fails in mid-air over the Sea of
Japan.
*2006 -
Italy beats host nation
Germany in the semi-finals of the
FIFA World Cup en route to winning the trophy.
200px|none|thumb|The launch of [STS-121.]
Births
*
1330 -
Ashikaga Yoshiakira, Japanese shogun (d.
1367)
*
1546 -
Murat III,
Ottoman Sultan (d.
1595)
*
1694 -
Louis-Claude Daquin, French composer (d.
1772)
*
1715 -
Christian Fürchtegott Gellert, German poet (d.
1769)
*
1719 -
Michel-Jean Sedaine, French dramatist (d.
1797)
*
1799 - King
Oscar I of Sweden, French general (d.
1859)
*
1804 -
Nathaniel Hawthorne, American writer (d.
1864)
*
1807 -
Giuseppe Garibaldi, Italian patriot (d.
1882)
*
1826 -
Stephen Foster, American songwriter (d.
1864)
*
1845 -
Thomas Barnardo, Irish humanitarian (d.
1905)
*
1847 -
James Anthony Bailey, American circus impresario (d.
1906)
*
1854 -
Victor Babeş, Romanian bacteriologist (d.
1926)
*
1872 -
Calvin Coolidge, 30th
President of the United States (d.
1933)
*
1878 -
George M. Cohan, American entertainer (d.
1942)
*
1881 -
Ulysses S. Grant III, American soldier (d.
1968)
*
1882 -
Louis B. Mayer, American film producer (d.
1957)
*
1883 -
Rube Goldberg, American cartoonist (d.
1970)
*
1896 -
Mao Dun, Chinese writer (d.
1981)
*
1898 - Dr.
Pilar Barbosa, Puerto Rican historian (d.
1997)
*
1901 -
Louis Armstrong, American musician (d.
1971)
*
1902 -
Meyer Lansky, Russian-born gangster (d.
1983)
* 1902 -
George Murphy, American entertainer (d.
1992)
*
1904 -
Angela Baddeley, English actress (d.
1976)
*
1905 -
Irving Johnson, American adventurer (d.
1991)
*
1907 -
Gordon Griffith, American director (d.
1958)
*
1910 -
Gloria Stuart, American actress
*
1911 -
Mitch Miller, American entertainer
*
1916 -
Iva Toguri D'Aquino, American thought to be
Tokyo Rose in World War II
*
1917 -
Manolete, Spanish bullfighter (d.
1947)
*
1918 -
Ann Landers, American advice columnist (d.
2002)
* 1918 -
Abigail Van Buren American advice columnist
* 1918 -
Taufa'ahau Tupou IV, Tongan king (d.
2006)
* 1920 -
Norm Drucker, American basketball referee
*
1921 -
Gerard Debreu, French economist,
Nobel laureate (d.
2004)
* 1921 -
Tibor Varga, Hungarian violinist (d.
2003)
*
1923 -
Rudolf Friedrich, Swiss Federal Councilor
*
1924 -
Eva Marie Saint, American actress
*
1926 -
Alfredo Di Stéfano, Argentine footballer
*
1927 -
Gina Lollobrigida, Italian actress
* 1927 -
Neil Simon, American playwright
*
1929 -
Bill Tuttle, baseball player (d.
1998)
*
1929 -
Al Davis, football team owner
*
1930 -
George Steinbrenner, baseball team owner
* 1930 -
Frunzik Mkrtchyan, Armenian actor
* 1930 -
Yuri Tyukalov, Soviet Olympic rower
*
1931 -
Stephen Boyd, Northern Irish actor (d.
1977)
*
1938 -
Bill Withers, American singer and songwriter
*
1942 -
Floyd Little, American football player
* 1942 -
Stefan Meller, Polish foreign minister
*
1943 -
Konrad "Conny" Bauer, German musician
* 1943 -
Geraldo Rivera, American reporter
* 1943 -
Alan "Blind Owl" Wilson, American musician (
Canned Heat) (d.
1970)
*
1946 -
Ron Kovic, American peace activist
* 1946 -
Ed O'Ross, American actor
*
1948 -
Tommy Körberg, Swedish singer
*
1951 -
Kathleen Kennedy Townsend, American politician
*
1952 -
Álvaro Uribe Vélez, Colombian politician
*
1960 -
Sid Eudy, professional wrestler
* 1960 -
Roland Ratzenberger, Austrian racing driver (d.
1994)
*
1961 -
Richard Garriott, English video game designer
*
1962 -
Pam Shriver, American tennis player
*
1963 -
José Oquendo, baseball player
*
1966 -
Lee Reherman, American actor
*
1967 -
Vinny Castilla, Mexican baseball player
* 1967 -
Andy Walker, Canadian television personality
* 1967 -
Michael Daniel Peters, American computer security expert
*
1973 -
Gackt, Japanese singer
* 1973 -
Tony Popovic, Australian footballer
* 1973 -
Michael Johnson, England-born Jamaican footballer
* 1973 -
Jan Magnussen, Danish racing driver
*
1974 -
La'Roi Glover, American football player
*
1975 -
Tania Davis, violist from
bond*
1976 -
Daijiro Kato, Japanese motorcycle racer (d.
2003)
*
1979 -
Martin Shearman-Brettle, English composer
*
1983 -
Isabeli Fontana, Brazilian model
*
1995 -
María Isabel, Spanish singer
Deaths
*
965 -
Pope Benedict V*
973 -
Ulrich of Augsburg, German bishop (b.
890)
*
1187 -
Raynald of Chatillon, Prince of Antioch
*
1541 -
Pedro de Alvarado, Spanish explorer (b.
1495)
*
1603 -
Philippe de Monte, Flemish composer (b.
1521)
*
1623 -
William Byrd, English composer
*
1742 -
Guido Grandi, Italian mathematician (b.
1671)
*
1754 -
Philippe Néricault Destouches, French dramatist (b.
1680)
*
1761 -
Samuel Richardson, English writer (b.
1689)
*
1780 -
Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine, Austrian military leader (b.
1712)
*
1787 -
Charles de Rohan, prince de Soubise, Marshal of France (b.
1715)
*
1821 -
Richard Cosway, English artist (b.
1742)
*
1826 -
John Adams, 2nd
President of the United States (b.
1735)
* 1826 -
Thomas Jefferson 3rd
President of the United States (b.
1743)
*
1831 -
James Monroe, 5th
President of the United States (b.
1758)
*
1848 -
François-René de Chateaubriand, French writer (b.
1768)
*
1850 -
William Kirby, English entomologist (b.
1759)
*
1857 -
William L. Marcy, American statesman (b.
1786)
*
1881 -
Johan Vilhelm Snellman, Finnish statesman (b.
1806)
*
1882 -
Joseph Brackett, American composer (b.
1797)
*
1891 -
Hannibal Hamlin,
U.S. Vice President (b.
1809)
*
1898 -
Youssuf Ishmaelo, wrestler (b.
1857)
*
1901 -
Johannes Schmidt, German linguist (b.
1843)
*
1902 -
Swami Vivekananda, Indian spiritual leader (b.
1863)
*
1905 -
Élisée Reclus, French anarchist (b.
1830)
*
1910 -
Giovanni Schiaparelli, Italian astronomer (b.
1835)
*
1916 -
Alan Seeger, American war poet (b.
1888)
*
1922 -
Lothar von Richthofen, German pilot (b.
1894)
*
1926 -
Pier Giorgio Frassati, Italian mountaineer (b.
1901)
*
1931 -
Buddie Petit, American jazz musician (b.
1895)
* 1931 -
Emanuele Filiberto, 2nd Duke of Aosta, Italian aristocrat (d.
1869)
*
1934 -
Maria Sklodowska-Curie,
Nobel Prize in Chemistry and
Physics (b.
1867)
*
1938 -
Suzanne Lenglen, French tennis player (b.
1899)
*
1941 -
Antoni Łomnicki, Polish mathematician (b.
1881)
*
1970 -
Barnett Newman, American artist (b.
1905)
* 1970 -
Harold Stirling Vanderbilt, member of the Vanderbilt family (b.
1884)
*
1971 -
August Derleth, American writer and editor (b.
1909)
*
1975 -
Georgette Heyer, English author (b.
1902)
*
1976 -
Antoni Slonimski, Polish poet (b.
1895)
*
1977 -
Gersh Budker, Russian physicist (b.
1918)
*
1982 -
Terry Higgins, early British
AIDS death
*
1986 -
Oscar Zariski, Russian mathematician (b.
1899)
*
1988 -
Adrian Adonis, Professional wrestler
*
1991 -
Victor Chang, Australian physician (b.
1936)
*
1992 -
Ástor Piazzolla, Argentinian composer (b.
1921)
*
1994 -
Joey Marella, American wresting referee (b.
1964)
*
1995 -
Eva Gabor, Hungarian actress (b.
1919)
*
1997 -
Charles Kuralt, American television reporter (b.
1934)
* 1997 -
John Zachary Young, English zoologist (b.
1907)
*
1999 -
Leo Garel, American artist and cartoonist (b.
1917)
*
2000 -
Gustaw Herling-Grudzinski, Polish writer (b.
1919)
*
2002 -
Benjamin O. Davis Jr., American general (b.
1912)
*
2002 -
Mansoor Hekmat, Iranian politician (b.
1951)
*
2003 -
Barry White, American singer (b.
1944)
*
2004 -
Jean-Marie Auberson, Swiss conductor (b.
1920)
*
2005 -
Hank Stram, American football coach (b.
1923)
Holidays and observances
*
United States -
Independence Day (
1776)
*
Filipino-American Friendship Day*In
astronomy, the approximate date of
Earth's
aphelion.
Liturgical feasts
*
Saint Aurelian*
Saint Bolcan *
Saint Finbar, abbot
*
Saint Flavian*
Saint Florent *
Saint Laurianus, bishop, martyr
Bourges *Translation, Ordination of
Saint Martin,
bishop of Tours, confessor
Paris, Bruges, sometimes in red *
Saint Odo,
bishop of Canterbury *
Saint Othelric, bishop, confessor
*
Saint Procopius, abbot (at Prague), confessor
GTZ: Prague, Gnesen, Meissen *
Saint Sisoes, anchorite
BLS *
Saint Ulric,
bishop of Augsburg, confessor (died 973)
*
Saint Bertha, widow, abbess of
Blangy in Artois
*
Saint Elizabeth Lusitania of Portugal (died 136)
External links
*
http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/july/4 BBC: On This Day*
http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/20060704.html The New York Times: On This Day*
http://www1.sympatico.ca/cgi-bin/on_this_day?mth=Jul&day=04 On This Day in Canada----
July 3 -
July 5 -
June 4 -
August 4 - more
historical anniversariesCategory:Julyaf:4 Juliear:4 يوليوan:4 de chuliofrp:4 j·ulyètast:4 de xunetube:4 ліпеняbs:4. julibg:4 юлиca:4 de juliolcv:Утă, 4ceb:Hulyo 4cs:4. červenecco:4 di lugliucy:4 Gorffennafda:4. julide:4. Juliet:4. juuliel:4 Ιουλίουes:4 de julioeo:4-a de julioeu:Uztailaren 4fo:4. julifr:4 juilletfy:4 julyfur:4 di Luiga:4 Iúilgd:4 an t-Iuchargl:4 de xulloko:7월 4일hr:4. srpnjaio:4 di julioilo:Julio 4id:4 Juliia:4 de juliois:4. júlíit:4 lugliohe:4 ביוליjv:4 Julikn:ಜುಲೈ ೧ka:4 ივლისიcsb:4 lëpincasw:4 Julaiku:4'ê tîrmehêla:4 Iuliilb:4. Julilt:Liepos 4li:4 julilmo:04 07hu:Július 4mk:4 јулиms:4 Julainl:4 julija:7月4日nap:4 'e lugliono:4. julinn:4. julinrm:4 Juiletoc:4 de julhetpam:Juliu 4pl:4 lipcapt:4 de Julhoksh:4. Juuliro:4 iulieru:4 июляwar:Hulyo 4sco:4 Juliesq:4 Korrikscn:4 di giugnettusimple:July 4sk:4. júlsl:4. julijsr:4. јулfi:4. heinäkuutasv:4 julitl:Hulyo 4tt:4. Yülte:జూలై 4th:4 กรกฎาคมvi:4 tháng 7tr:4 Temmuzuk:4 липняvec:4 de lujowa:4 di djuletezh:7月4日
