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Encyclopedia: September 16, Talk:September 16, September 16 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics), September 16, 2003, September 16, 2004, September 16, 2005, Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries/September 16, Portal:Trains/Anniversaries/September 16, Wikipedia:POTD/September 16, 2005, Wikipedia:Copyright problems/2005 September 16

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is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years). There are 106 days remaining.

Events

*1400 - Owain Glyndŵr declared Prince of Wales by his followers.
*1597 - Yi Sun-sin leads 12 ships of the Korean fleet against an invasion by 133 Japanese ships. The Koreans sink 31 enemy ships and force a Japanese
*1701 - Prince James Francis Edward Stuart, more commonly referred to as the "Old Pretender", becomes the Jacobite claimant of the thrones of Scotland and England.
*1776 - American Revolutionary War: the Battle of Harlem Heights is fought.
*1795 - United Kingdom conquers Cape Town, South Africa.
*1810 - With the Grito de Dolores, Father Miguel Hidalgo begins Mexico's fight for independence from Spain
*1812 - Russians set fire to Moscow shortly after midnight - the city is burned completely down days later.
*1893 - Settlers race in Oklahoma for prime land in the Cherokee Strip.
*1901 - Alturas, California, incorporated as the only city in Modoc County.
*1908 - General Motors is founded.
*1919 - The American Legion is incorporated.
*1920 - The Wall Street bombing: a bomb in a horse wagon explodes in front of the J.P.Morgan building in New York City - 33 are killed with 400 injured.
*1940 - Sam Rayburn elected Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, widely regarded as the most effective Speaker of the House in American history.
*1941 - Concerned that Reza Pahlavi the Shah of Persia was about to align his petroleum-rich country with Germany during World War II, the United Kingdom and the USSR occupy Iran and forced him to resign in favor of his son, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.
*1950 - After dominating the All-America Football Conference, winning the championship all 4 years the league existed, the Cleveland Browns begin play in the NFL with a showdown with the 2-time NFL Champion Philadelphia Eagles. The Browns would win easily 35-10 and would go on to win the NFL Championship.
*1955 - Juan Perón is deposed in Argentina.
*1963 - Malaysia is formed from Malaya, Singapore, British North Borneo (Sabah) and Sarawak.
*1966 - The Metropolitan Opera House opens at Lincoln Center in New York City to the world premiere of Samuel Barber's opera, Antony and Cleopatra.
*1970 - King Hussein of Jordan declares military rule due to the hijacking of four civilian airliners by the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP). This results in the formation of the Black September Palestinian paramilitary unit.
*1975 - Papua New Guinea gains its independence from Australia.
*1976 - Shavarsh Karapetyan saves 20 people from the trolleybus, that had fallen into Erevan reservoir
*1981 - Sugar Ray Leonard defeats Thomas Hearns by a knockout in round 14 in Las Vegas to unify boxing's world Welterweight championship.
*1982 - Sabra and Shatila massacre in Lebanon.
*1984 - Miami Vice first airs on NBC.
*1987 - The Montreal Protocol is signed to protect the ozone layer from depletion.
*1991 - The trial of Panamanian "strongman" Manuel Noriega begins in the United States.
*1992 - Black Wednesday: the Pound Sterling is forced out of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism by currency speculators and is forced to devalue against the Deutschmark.
*2000 - Ukrainian journalist Georgiy Gongadze is last seen alive.
*2004 - Hurricane Ivan touches land near Gulf Shores, Alabama, becoming the third costliest hurricane to strike the United States.

Births

*16 - Drusilla, daughter of Germanicus and Agrippina the Elder (d. 38)
*1387 - King Henry V of England, (d. 1422)
*1507 - Jiajing, Emperor of China (d. 1567)
*1557 - Jacques Mauduit, French composer (d. 1627)
*1651 - Engelbert Kaempfer, German physician and traveler (d. 1716)
*1666 - Antoine Parent, French mathematician (d. 1716)
*1678 - Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke, English statesman and philosopher (d. 1751)
*1722 - Gabriel Christie, British general (d. 1799)
*1725 - Nicolas Desmarest, French geologist (d. 1815)
*1745 - Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov, Russian field marshal, (d. 1813)
*1782 - Daoguang, Emperor of China (d. 1850)
*1823 - Francis Parkman, American historian (d. 1893)
*1827 - Jean Albert Gaudry, French geologist (d. 1908)
*1853 - Albrecht Kossel, German physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1927)
*1858 - Andrew Bonar Law, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1923)
*1859 - Yuan Shikai, Chinese politician and self-proclaimed emperor (d. 1916)
*1875 - James C. Penney, American department store founder (d. 1971)
*1881 - Clive Bell, English art critic (d. 1964)
*1883 - T. E. Hulme, English writer (d. 1917)
*1886 - Jean Arp, Alsatian sculptor, painter, and poet (d. 1966)
*1887 - Nadia Boulanger, French composer and composition teacher (d. 1979)
*1888 - F. E. Sillanpää, Finnish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1964)
*1891 - Stephanie von Hohenlohe, Austrian-born German World War II spy (d. 1972)
* 1891 - Karl Dönitz, German naval leader (d. 1980)
*1893 - Alexander Korda, Hungarian film director (d. 1956)
* 1893 - Albert Szent-Györgyi, Hungarian physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1986)
*1905 - Vladimír Holan, Czech poet (d. 1980)
*1910 - Karl Kling, German race car driver (d. 2003)
* 1910 - Erich Kempka, Adolf Hitler's chauffeur (d. 1975)
*1914 - Allen Funt, American radio and television personality (d. 1999)
*1916 - M.S. Subbulakshmi, Indian singer (d. 2004)
* 1916 - Robert Llewellyn Bradshaw, Saint Kitts and Nevis politician (d. 1978)
*1919 - Laurence J. Peter, Canadian born educator and writer (d. 1990)
*1922 - Janis Paige, American actress
*1923 - Lee Kuan Yew, Minister Mentor of Singapore
*1924 - Lauren Bacall, American actress
*1925 - Charlie Byrd, American musician (d. 1999)
* 1925 - B. B. King, American musician
* 1925 - Charles J. Haughey, President of Ireland (d. 2006)
*1927 - Peter Falk, American actor
* 1927 - Jack Kelly, American actor (d. 1992)
*1928 - Lady Gwen Thompson, Pioneer in the Witchcraft movement
*1930 - Anne Francis, American actress
*1934 - Elgin Baylor, American basketball player
* 1934 - George Chakiris, American actor
*1935 - Carl Andre, American artist
* 1935 - Bob Kiley, American public transit specialist
*1937 - Alexander Medved, Russian wrestler
*1939 - Breyten Breytenbach, South African writer and painter
*1941 - Richard Perle, American political advisor
*1943 - James Alan McPherson, American writer
*1944 - Winston Grennan, Jamaican American drummer
*1946 - Cathee Dahmen, American fashion model
*1946 - Mike Reynolds, Speaker of Queensland Parliament, Australia
*1947 - Russ Abbot, British comedian
*1948 - Ron Blair, American bassist
* 1948 - Kenny Jones, English rock drummer (The Small Faces - Faces - The Who)
*1949 - Ed Begley, Jr., American actor
*1950 - Loyd Grossman, American television presenter
*1953 - Eric Vail, Canadian ice hockey player
*1954 - Earl Klugh, American jazz guitarist
*1955 - Ron Brewer, American basketball player
* 1955 - Janet Ellis, British television presenter
* 1955 - Yolandita Monge, Puerto Rican singer
* 1955 - Robin Yount, baseball player
*1956 - David Copperfield, American magician
* 1956 - Mickey Rourke, American actor
*1957 - David McCreery, Irish footballer
*1958 - Orel Hershiser, baseball player
* 1958 - Jennifer Tilly, American actress
*1959 - Tim Raines, Major League Baseball player
*1960 - Danny John-Jules, British actor
* 1960 - Kurt Busiek, American comic book writer
*1963 - Richard Marx, American singer
*1964 - Molly Shannon, American actress
* 1964 - Mary Coustas, Austalian entertainer
*1965 - Katy Kurtzman, American actress, director, and producer
*1968 - Marc Anthony, American singer
*1968 - Walt Becker, American director and writer
*1970 - Mark Schultz (musician), American singer/songwriter
*1971 - Amy Poehler, American comedienne/actress (Saturday Night Live)
*1973 - Alexander Vinokourov, Kazakh cyclist
*1975 - Shannon Noll, Australian singer and actor
*1976 - Greg Buckner, American basketball player
*1978 - Dan Dickau, American basketball player
*1981 - Alexis Bledel, American actress
*1984 - Katie Melua, Georgian singer
*1984 - Sabrina Bryan, American actress and singer
*1985 - Madeline Zima, American actress
*1986 - Kyla Pratt, American actress
*1988 - Teddy Geiger, American singer and songwriter

Deaths

*96 - Domitian, Roman Emperor (b. 51)
* 307 - Flavius Valerius Severus, deposed Roman Emperor (murder)
*1087 - Pope Victor III
*1100 - Bernold of Constance, German chronicler
*1345 - John IV, Duke of Brittany (b. 1295)
*1380 - King Charles V of France (b. 1338)
*1394 - Avignon Pope Clement VII (b. 1342)
*1406 - Cyprian, Metropolitan of Moscow
*1589 - Michael Baius, Flemish theologian (b. 1513)
*1672 - Anne Bradstreet, American colonial poet
*1701 - James II of England and VII of Scotland (b. 1633)
*1736 - Gabriel Fahrenheit, German physicist (b. 1686)
*1775 - Allen Bathurst, 1st Earl Bathurst, English privy councillor (b. 1684)
*1803 - Nicolas Baudin, French explorer (b. 1754)
*1824 - King Louis XVIII of France (b. 1755)
*1829 - Nikolay Raevsky, Russian general and statesman (b. 1771)
*1864 - John Hanning Speke, English explorer (b. 1827)
*1865 - Christian Julius De Meza, Danish general (b. 1792)
*1911 - Edward Whymper, English mountain climber (b. 1840)
*1925 - Alexander Alexandrovich Friedman, Russian physicist (b. 1888)
*1932 - Ronald Ross, English physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1857)
*1933 - George Gore, baseball player (b. 1857)
*1944 - Gustav Bauer, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1870)
*1945 - John McCormack, Irish tenor (b. 1884)
*1950 - Pedro de Cordoba, American actor (b. 1881)
*1965 - Ahn Eak-tai, a Korean musician, composer, and conductor (b. 1906)
*1973 - Victor Jara, Chilean folk singer and activist (murdered)
*1975 - Irene Hayes, Ziegfeld girl and businesswoman (b.1896)
*1977 - Marc Bolan, English musician (b. 1947)
* 1977 - Maria Callas, American-born soprano (b. 1923)
*1980 - Jean Piaget, Swiss psychologist (b. 1896)

*1992 - Millicent Fenwick, American politician and writer (b. 1910)
*1993 - Rok Petrovič, Slovenian skier (b. 1966)
*1996 - McGeorge Bundy, U.S. National Security Advisor (b. 1919)
*2000 - Georgiy Gongadze, Ukrainian journalist (b. 1969)
*2001 - Samuel Z. Arkoff, American film producer (b. 1918)
*2002 - James Gregory, American actor (b. 1911)
*2003 - Erich Hallhuber, German actor (b. 1951)
* 2003 - Sheb Wooley, singer and actor (b. 1921)
* 2006 - Rob Levin, creator of Freenode. (b. 1955)

Holidays and observances

*In ancient Greece, the third day of the Eleusinian Mysteries, when the initiates walked to the sea at Phaleron and purified themselves in the water.
*RC Saints - Saint Cyprian, Pope Cornelius, Saint Ludmila.
*Also see September 16 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics).
*Mexico - Independence Day (from Spain; proclaimed 1810, recognised 1821, instituted 1825; See Fiestas Patrias (Mexico)).
*Papua New Guinea - Independence Day (from Australia, 1975).

Events

Births

Deaths

Holidays and observances

External links